CCMB Faculty

CSA 104, HSC 9062
(323)442-3038 Voice
(323)442-2981 Fax
songtaos@usc.edu

Songtao Shi

D.D.S., Ph.D.

Assistant Professor

News Links

Shi IDs Regenerative Cells in Tendons

Education Experience Honors & Awards Research Projects Review & Chapters Publications

Education

INSTITUTION AND LOCATION	DEGREE	YEAR(s)	FIELD OF STUDY
University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco	Post. Doc.	1994-1997	Skeletal Biology
University of Southern California, Los Angeles	Ph.D.	1994	Craniofacial Biology
Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China	M.S.	1986	Pediatric Dentistry
Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China	D.D.S.	1983	Dentistry

Research & Professional Experience

2006- present	Assistant Professor, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
2003-2006	Section Chief, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, NIDCR/NIH. Dental Biology Section
2002-2003	Clinical Fellow (Supervisor), Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, NIDCR/NIH. Skeletal Biology Section
1999-2001	Clinical Fellow, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, NIDCR/NIH. Skeletal Biology Section
1998-1999	Dentist, private practice, S&S Best Dental Center, Los Angeles, California
1997-1998	Contractor and IRTA fellow, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, NIDCR/NIH Skeletal Biology Section
1994-1997	Postdoctoral fellow, University of California at San Francisco. Dr. Arnold J. Kahn's Laboratory
1989-1994	Research Associate, University of Southern California, Doheny Eye Institute Dr. Isaac Bekhor's Laboratory
1986-1989	Assistant professor, Beijing Medical University, School of Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry

Academic Honors and Awards

2005	Associate Editor, Oral Diseases
2000	NIDCR/NIH Postdoctoral Travel Award

Description of Research

We isolated human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). These postnatal mesenchymal stem cells showed several unique stem cell properties including derived from accessible human tissue resource, extremely high proliferation rate to provide sufficient number of cells for potential clinical therapies, and reliable tissue regeneration capacity when transplanted in vivo. We are exploring potential of utilizing these stem cells for therapeutic purpose such as mineralized tissue regeneration. In addition, we tried to understand how mesenchymal stem cells contribute to disease processes at functional level. We found that caspase-3 and beta2 integrin play critical roles in determining differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Deficiency of caspase-3 or beta2 integrin led to an osteoporosis-like phenotype in mouse model.

Research Projects

"Osteogenic Mechanisms of SHED"

Principal Investigator: Songtao Shi, DDS, PhD
Sponsor: NIH
Period: April 1, 2007 to March 31, 2012
The objective of this project is to understand osteogenic mechanisms of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) as a basis to explore unique differentiation traits of SHED.

"Oral and Craniofacial Reconstruction Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells"

Principal Investigator: Songtao Shi, DDS, PhD
Sponsor: California Institute for Regenerative Medicine
Period: April 1, 2008 to March 31, 2013
The objective of this project is to understand stem cell property of orofacial mesenchymal stem cells and use these stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration to cure orofacial defects.

Reviews and Chapters

Bartold, P.M., Shi, S., and Gronthos, S. Stem cells and periodontal regeneration. Periodontology 2000. 40:164-172. 2006.

Gronthos, S., Akintoye, S.O., Wang, C-Y. and Shi, S. Bone Marrow Stromal stem Cells for Tissue Engineering. Periodontology 2000. 41:188-195, 2006.

Sonoyama, W., Chopp C., Gronthos, S., and Shi, S. Skeletal Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine. Current Topics in Developmental Biology Volume 67 (Gerald P. Schatten, eds.) Elsevier Academic Press. Amsterdam. Pp 306-316, 2005.

Shi, S., Bartold, P.M., Miura, M., Seo, B.M., Robey, P., and Gronthos, S. The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells to regenerate and repair dental structures. Orthod Craniofacial Res 8:191–199, 2005.

Gronthos, S.,Cherman, N., Robey, P.G., and Shi, S: Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. In: Adult Stem Cells. (Kursad Turksen, eds.) Humana Press. New York. pp 54-67, 2004.

Shi, S. and Wang Cun-Yu. Bone Marrow Stromal Stem Cells for Repairing the Skeleton. BIOTECHNOLOGY & GENETIC ENGINEERING REVIEWS. 133-143, 2004.

Publications

Zhang C, Chang J, Sonoyama W, Shi S, Wang CY. Inhibition of human dental pulp stem cell differentiation by Notch signaling. J Dent Res. 87(3):250-5, 2008.

Liu Y, Zheng Y, Ding G, Fang D, Zhang C, Bartold M, Gronthos S, Shi S*, and Wang S*. Periodontal ligament stem cell-mediated treatment for periodontitis in miniature swine. Stem Cells. 2008 on line published. (*corresponding authors).

Sonoyama W, Liu Y, Yamaza T, Tuan RS, Wang S, Shi S*, Huang GT*. Characterization of the apical papilla and its residing stem cells from human immature permanent teeth: a pilot study. J Endod. 34(2): 166-171, 2008. (*corresponding authors).

Bi Y, Ehirchiou D, Kilts TM, Inkson CA, Embree MC, Sonoyama W, Li L, Leet AI, Seo BM, Zhang L, Shi S*, and Young MF*. Identification of Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells and their Extracellular Matrix-Rich Niche. Nature Medicine 13(10):1219-1227, 2007 (*corresponding authors)

Seo BM, Sonoyama W, Coppe C, Miura M, Miura Y, Yamaza T, Lee J, and Shi S. SHED repair critical-size calvarial defects in immunocompromised mice. Oral Diseases. 2007. On line published.

Chang J, Sonoyama W, Wang Z, Jin Q, Zhang C, Krebsbach PH, Giannobile W, Shi S, and Wang C-Y. Non-canonical WNT-4 signaling enhances bone regeneration of mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial defects through activation of p38 MAPK. J. Biol. Chem. 2007 on line published.

Isenmann S, Cakouros D, Zannettino A, Shi S, Gronthos S. hTERT Transcription Is Repressed By Cbfa1 in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Populations. J Bone Miner Res. 22(6):897-906, 2007

Sonoyama W, Seo BM, Yamaza T, and Shi S. Human Hertwig's Epithelial Root Sheath Cells Play Crucial Roles in Cementum Formation. J Dent. Res. 86(7):594-9, 2007

Stokowski A, Shi S, Sun T, Bartold P.M., Koblar A.S. and Gronthos S. EphB/Ephrin-B Interaction Mediates Adult Stem Cell Attachment, Spreading, and Migration: Implications for Dental Tissue Repair. Stem Cells. 25;156-164, 2007

Park BK, Zhang H, Zeng Q, Dai J, Keller ET, Giordano T, Gu K, Shah V, Pei L, Zarbo RJ, McCauley L, Shi S, Chen S, Wang CY. NF-kappaB in breast cancer cells promotes osteolytic bone metastasis by inducing osteoclastogenesis via GM-CSF. Nat Med. 2007, 13(1):62-9

Fang D, Seo BM, Liu Y, Sonoyama W, Yamaza T, Zhang C, Wang S, Shi S. Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells is an Optimal Approach for Plastic Surgery. Stem Cells. 2007, 25:1021-1028

Sonoyama W, Liu Y, Fang D, Yamaza T, Seo B-M, Zhang C, Liu H, Gronthos S, Wang C-Y, Wang S, and Shi S. (2006). Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Functional Tooth Regeneration in Swine. PLoS ONE. 2006, 1:e79

Miura, Y., Gao, Z., Miura, M., Seo, B-M., Sonoyama, W., Chan, W.J., Gronthos, S., Zhang, L*., and Shi, S*. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Organized Bone Marrow Elements: An Alternative Hematopoietic Progenitor Resource. Stem Cells 24(11): 2428-36, 2006 (*corresponding authors).

Zhang, W., Walboomers, X.F., Shi, S., Fan, M., Jansen, J.A. Multilineage Differentiation Potential of Stem Cells Derived from Human Dental Pulp after Cryopreservation. Tissue Eng. published on-line Sep 1, 2006.

Gronthos S, Mrozik K, Shi S, Bartold PM. Ovine Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: Isolation, Characterization, and Differentiation Potential. Calcif Tissue Int. 2006 Nov;79(5):310-7

Wallace JM, Rajachar RM, Chen XD, Shi S, Allen MR, Bloomfield SA, Les CM, Robey PG, Young MF, Kohn DH. The mechanical phenotype of biglycan-deficient mice is bone- and gender-specific. Bone. 39(1):106-16; 2006

Akintoye, S.O., Lam, T., Shi, S., Brahim, J., Collins, M.T., Robey, P.G. Skeletal site-specific characterization of orofacial and iliac crest human bone marrow stromal cells in same individuals. Bone. 38(6):758-68; 2006

Miura, M., Miura, Y., Padilla-Nash, H.M., Molinolo, A.A., Fu, B., Patel, V., Seo, B.M., Sonoyama, W., Zheng, J., Baker, C.C., Chen, W., Ried, T., Shi, S. Accumulated chromosomal instability in murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells leads to malignant transformation. Stem Cells, 24(4):1095-103, 2006

Miura, Y., Miura, M., Gronthos, S., Allen, M.R., Cao, C., Uvege, T., Shi, S*., and Zhang, L*. Defective osteogenesis of the stromal stem cells predisposes CD18-null mice to osteogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 (39): 14022-14027, 2005 (*corresponding authors).

Chang, J., Zhang, C., Shi, S., and Wang, C-Y. NF-kB activation in human dental pulp stem cells by TNF and LPS. J Dent. Res. 84 (11): 994-998, 2005.

Liu, H., Li, W., Shi, S., Habelitz, S., Gao, C., and DenBesten, P. MEPE is downregulated as dental pulp stem cells differentiate. Arch Oral Biol. 50(11):923-8. 2005.

Seo, B-M., Miura, M., Sonoyama, W., Coppe, C., Stanyon, R., and Shi, S. Recovery of functional postnatal stem cells from cryopreserved human periodontal ligament. Journal of Dental Research 84(10):907-912, 2005.

Kortesidis, A., Zannettino, A., Isenmann, S., Shi, S., Lapidot, T., Gronthos, S. Stromal derived factor-1 promotes the growth, survival and development of human bone marrow stromal stem cells. Blood 105(10): 3793-801, 2005

Miura, M., Chen, X-D., Allen,M.R., Bi, Y., Gronthos,S., Seo, B-M., Lakhani,S., Flavell,R.A., Feng,X-H., Robey,P.G., Young, M., and Shi, S. An essential role of Caspase-3 in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 114:1704-1713, 2004.

Seo, B-M., Miura, M., Gronthos, S., Bartold, P.M., Batouli, S., Brahim, J., Young, M., Robey, P.G., Wang, C-Y., and Shi, S. Multipotent Postnatal Stem Cells from Human Periodontal Ligament. The Lancet. 364:149-155, 2004.

Batouli, S., Miura,M., Brahim, J., Tsutsui, T., Fisher, L.W., Gronthos, S., Robey, P.G. and Shi,S. Comparison of stem cell-mediated osteogenesis and dentinogenesis. Journal of Dental Research. 82(12):976-981, 2003.

Gronthos S, Zannettino AC, Hay SJ, Shi S, Graves SE, Kortesidis A, Simmons PJ.. Molecular and Cellular Characterization of Highly Purified Stromal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow. Journal of Cell Science 116:1827-1835, 2003.

Miura, M., Gronthos, S., Zhao, M., Lu, B., Fisher, L.W., Robey, P.G. and Shi,S. SHED- Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100 (10): 5807-5812, 2003.

Shi,S., and Gronthos, S. Perivascular Niche of Postnatal Mesenchymal Stem Cells Identified in Human Bone Marrow and Dental Pulp. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 18(4):696-704, 2003.

Gronthos, S.,Chen,S., Wang,C-Y., Robey, P.G.,and Shi,S. Telomerase Accelerates Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Stem Cells by Up-regulation of CBFA1 and Osteocalcin. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 18(4):716-722, 2003.

Gronthos,S., Brahim, J., Li,W., Fisher, L.W., Cherman,N., Boyde, A., DenBesten,P., Robey, P.G., and Shi,S.: Stem Cell Properties of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Journal of Dental Research 81(8):531-535, 2002.

Shi, S., Gronthos,S., Chen,S., Counter,C.M., Robey, P.G., and Wang, C-Y. Bone formation by human postnatal bone marrow stromal stem cells is enhanced by telomerase expression. Nature Biotechnology 20:587-591, 2002.

Chen,X., Shi,S., Xu, T., Robey,P.G., and Young, M. Age-related osteoporosis in Biglycan deficient mice is related to defects in bone marrow stromal cells differentiation. J. Bone Miner. Res. 17(2): 331-340, 2002.

Shi,S., Robey, P.G., and Gronthos, S. Comparison of Gene Expression Profiles Between Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells by MicroArray Analysis. Bone 29(6):532-539, 2001.

Chen, S., Cuttridge, D.C., Tang, E., Shi, S., Guan,K-L., and Wang, C-Y.. Suppression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-mediated Apoptosis by Nuclear Factor kB-independent Bone Morphogenetic Protein/Smad Signaling. J. Biol.Chem. 276(42):39259-39263, 2001.

Gronthos, S., Mankani, M., Brahim, J., Robey, P.G., and Shi, S. Post-Natal Dental Pulp Stem Cells in vivo and in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(25):13625-13630, 2000.

Shi, S., Kirk, M., and Kahn, A.J. The role of type I collagen in the regulation of the osteoblast phenotype. J. Bone Miner. Res. 11(8):1139-1145, 1996.

Shi, S., and Bekhor, I. Abnormal propagation of aldose reductase mRNA in fiber cells of cataractous rat lens. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 131:35-41,1994.

Shi, S., and Bekhor, I. Levels of expression of the genes for glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and CuZn-superoxide dismutase in rat lens and liver. Exp. Eye Res. 59:171-177, 1994.

Bekhor, I., Wen, Y., Shi, S., Hsieh, C., Denny, P.A., and Denny, P.C. cDNA cloning, sequencing and in situ localization of a transcript specific to both sublingual demilune cells and parotid intercalated duct cells in mouse salivary glands. Arch. Oral Biol. 39(12):1011-1022, 1994.

Wen, Y., Shi, S., Unakar, N.J., and Bekhor, I. Expression of c-myc protooncogene in rat lens during development, maturation and reversal of galactose cataracts. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 112:73-79, 1992.

Shi, S., Unakar, N.J., Wen, Y., Tsui, J., and Bekhor, I. Transient elevation of aldose reductase mRNA in lens of rats developing galactose cataracts. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 115:27-34, 1992.

Shi, S., and Bekhor, I. Profile of messenger RNA decay in the Emory mouse lens in cataractogenesis and in aging. Exp. Eye Res. 55:629-636, 1992.

Wen, Y., Shi, S., Unakar, N.J., and Bekhor, I. Crystalline mRNA concentrations and distribution in lens of normal and galactosemic rats-implication in development of sugar cataracts, Invest. Opthalmol. Vis. Sci. 32:1638- 1647,1991.

Bekhor, I., Shi, S., and Unakar, N.J. Aldose reductase mRNA is an epithelial cell-specific gene transcript in both normal and cataractous rat lens. Invest. Opthalmol. Vis. Sci. 31:1876-1885, 1990.

Bekhor, I., Shi, S., and Unakar, N.J. Management of aldose reductase mRNA abundance in rat lens undergoing reversal of galactose induced cataracts. A model for gene response to changes in the environment. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 95:55-60, 1990.

Bekhor, I., Shi, S., Carper, D., Nishmura, C., and Unakar, N.J. Relative abundance of aldose reductase mRNA in rat lens undergoing development of osmotic cataracts. Curr. Eye Res. 8:1299-1308, 1989.

Shi, S. Caries inhibiting effect of ammonium fluoride varnish in vitro. Chinese Journal of Stomatology. 24:353-355, 386, 1989.

Wright, F.A., Deng, H., and Shi, S. The dental health status of 6 and 12 year-old Beijing schoolchildren in 1987. Community Dental Health. 6:121-130, 1989.

Last Updated: 04/01/08