MICHAEL ANTONELLI    View presentation
Michael Antonelli joined IBM in 1977 on the West Coast of the US and served in a variety of sales and marketing management positions through 1984.

In 1985 and 86, Mike was the senior planner responsible for market planning for all IBM storage products for large and mid-range systems sold in the United States.

In 1987, Mr. Antonelli was one of the founding employees of IBM's ImagePlus business. Today this line is known as VisualInfo and together with Lotus Notes forms the basis of IBM's Document Management and operational image offerings as well as the underpinnings of IBM's digital library solution.

In 1993, Mr. Antonelli joined the IBM Software Group HQ in Somers, NY and was the Group's Asia Pacific manager of marketing support. In 1995, after moving to Hong Kong, he joined the IBM Asia Pacific Headquarters as the Manager of Workgroup software and led IBM Asia Pacific's software business the areas of workflow, image processing and groupware.

In 1996, Mr. Antonelli was assigned to the IBM Asia Pacific team that focused exclusively on IBM's efforts in the network computing software arena and in 1997, joined the IBM Asia Pacific HQ's Network Computing organization as the Director of Marketing. Mr. Antonelli has been a speaker at Internet World Philippines, Internet World Korea, Lotus Interweb, the Singapore, Hong Kong and Beijing Computer Societies and numerous other industry and customer conferences in Asia Pacific. 
 
MICHAEL BAKER
Michael Baker has been involved with using computers for business advantage since the mid 1970s. During that time he has worked for seven years with a payroll company, 5 years with a computer time share company, and seven years with the Australian association for promoting EC,  Electronic Commerce Australia.

This experience has exposed Michael to many different types of organisations and  he has helped them in their efforts to streamline the operation using computers.

Michael was the inaugural chair of Standards Australia*s EDI Committee, the first CEO of the EDI Council of Australia, he set up the Australia New Zealand EDIFACT board as well as serving on that group as a board member.  He was also a board member of the EDI World Institute based in Canada and was one of Australia*s representatives on the International CALS Congress.  Michael has been involved with the APEC TEL since 1990.

Today he is the Executive director of the Asia Oceania Electronic Messaging Association (AOEMA) which was formed in September 1995. This group is committed to raising the awareness and usage of all types of messaging in the Asian region. To this end AOEMA has produced an Electronic Commerce Awareness course as well as other publications. It is affiliated with the other Messaging Associations around the world through WEMA the World Electronic Messaging Associations group. This group works together to
ensure that electronic commerce products and services are accessible to all companies both large and small.

DANIEL CAMPERO R     Download presentation
Daniel Campero R is currently AMECE EDI Manager & Secretary of the Mexican EDI Committee.
 

KEITH CHANG     Download presentation
Keith Chang is Director of International Business Development Division in the Information and Communications Technologies Branch of Department of Industry of the Government of Canada. He is also Chairman of the Telecommunications Working Group (TEL) of APEC.

Dr. Chang plays an active and leadership role in many international fora.  In addition to APEC TEL, he also chairs the G7 Information Society Global Interoperability for Broadband Networks (GIBN) Project, and is the Canadian National Coordinator for the G7 Information Society Pilot Projects.  He is the Canadian Co-Chair of the NAFTA Telecommunications Standards Subcommittee.  He is the Canadian Co-Chair of the Canada-European Union Joint Working Group on Telecommunications and Information Technology, and other bilateral Joint Committees.  Dr. Chang has been active in promoting the development of the Global Information Society.  He was the convenor and organizer of the Joint APEC/OECD/PECC Symposium on Global Information Infrastructure, held in Vancouver in February 1995.

Prior to his current position, Dr. Chang was with the former Department of Communications, where he was responsible for the development and implementation of a wide range of technology, industry and economic development policies and programs.  From 1972 to 1978, he was with Bell-Northern Research, now Nortel Technologies, where he did research and development work in telecommunications technologies, networks and systems, and assumed various technical and managerial positions, including Manager of Access Networks, and Manager of Fibre Optics Systems Planning.

Dr. Chang holds a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.  He has published many technical and non-technical papers in the field of telecommunications and information technologies and is a frequent speaker at national and international conferences and symposia.
 

CHEE YEOW MENG
Chee Yeow Meng is Head of Security under the Information Infrastructure Function of the National Computer Board (Singapore). His responsibilities include the development of public key infrastructure, operation of the Singapore Computer Emergency Response Team (SingCERT), and the formulation of cryptography and electronic commerce policies. He earned his B.Math, M.Math., and Ph.D. degrees, all in computer science, from the University of Waterloo in 1988, 1989, and 1996, respectively.  From 1996 to 1997, he held postdoctoral fellowships at the University of Waterloo and IBM Zurich Research Laboratory. He is the author of more than thirty technical papers in refereed international journals and conferences, and is a Fellow of the Institute of Combinatorics and Its Applications, and a member of the International Association for Cryptologic Research.

KEITH C. COWAN      Download presentation
Keith Cowan has more than thirty years of experience in Information Technology.  This rapidly growing field has reshaped how business and communications operate in today's world of Electronic Commerce.   Mr. Cowan’s wealth of experience includes IBM Canada Ltd. in sales and general management. He led groups in product management, market research and business planning.  He built an International Banking Center in Toronto, developing software and technical services for the Canadian Banks and other large banks worldwide.  After IBM, Mr. Cowan continued an illustrious career in Information Technology, specializing in banking.   This resulted in holding several executive-level positions including serving as Interim President and CEO with CDSL until early 1996.  Prior to accepting his role as President and CEO of Orion, Mr. Cowan operated his own private information technology consulting firm.

Mr. Cowan has been active member of a variety of associations including the Canadian Information Processing Society, Professional Engineers Association, MENSA, The Planning Forum and the American Bankers Association. Mr. Cowan holds a Masters of Applied Science in Process Control Engineering (Honours) from the University of Toronto.

Why Industry thinks APEC Should Attempt to Promote E-Commerce
A development that promises to be a pervasive influence in our daily lives is the Internet.  From the home to the school and in industry, the use of the Internet has exploded in recent years. In 1995, the number of users worldwide was estimated to be 38.2 million. In 1999, there will be an estimated 200 million users---a 500% growth! Surpassing this will be the growth of the World Wide Web which is expected to grow 1500% over the same period.

The Internet is now a vital force in the development of trade of goods and services. In 1997, Internet trade was about US$7 to 8 billion. Four years from now, Internet trade will account for US$ 327 billion worth of goods and services---a growth rate of 4000%!

What do these figures mean? The WWW will be an extremely huge market place---it will be the Agora of the future. The customer of the future is expected to be more demanding and will look for more ease and comfort. Sellers on the Internet have to address these market requirements of the electronic marketplace. There will be a need for an efficient search engine that will assist buyers in their search for the right product at the right price. There will also be a need to provide a user friendly ordering process that will be able to accommodate repetitive orders. At the same time, the system must provide security : sellers must  be confident that the customer is legitimate and the buyers must be assured that the seller has the goods and that information such as credit numbers is securely transferred. The electronic market place will be characterized by the use of smart cards, EDI digital signatures. The delivery of goods will be done through couriers such as FedEX, UPS or DHL. The customer of the future will do  his/her shopping remotely in the comfort and safety of the home or office.

The  electronic marketplace offers a huge opportunity for industries that can piggyback on the growth of this technology. Telcos for one will benefit hugely from this. How? By providing directories on line, such as multimedia yellow pages, and by going into joint ventures with companies selling their own services online. One such company is Orion Technologies.

There are concerns that must be addressed by governments and industry for the growth in electronic commerce to be realized. For one, there is a lack of a standards for the practice of e-commerce. There is a need for greater security on the internet. In banking, the security threat is in being a victim of fraudulent transactions.

In summary, Electronic Commerce is the future marketplace and its growth will continue to be explosive despite the concerns for security and lack of standards. Telcos will have an important role as providers of the infrastructure.

GRAEME C CRAYFORD                         Download presentation
Graeme Crayford is currently Director Solutions and Technology, Communications Industry Asia Pacific, Oracle Corporation, Singapore. He is responsible for the development and deployment of repeatable solutions in the Communications Industry across Asia Pacific

Mr. Crayford has had over 20 years experience in the communications industry working for Australia’s Telstra Corporation in a number of roles ranging from engineering, product management, marketing and business strategy. Prior to joining Oracle in 1996 Mr. Crayford was the General Manager Business Systems in the Corporate & Government (C&G) Business Unit of Telstra. In this capacity he was responsible to manage the IT investment program for C&G and to ensure that it supported the needs of the business. Before this he was responsible for developing the systems strategy for Corporate & Government. Mr. Crayford also worked in the Value Added Services area of Telstra and was responsible for the introduction of a range of public electronic trading services, including Electronic Mail and Electronic Document Interchange.

Mr. Crayford has a Bachelors Degree in Engineering from the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (Melbourne) and a Masters Degree in Administration from Monash University (Melbourne).

VALERIE D’COSTA
Valerie D’Costa is the Vice-Chair of the APEC Telecommunication Working Group (TEL).  She presently serves as Chief of International Affairs at the Telecommunication Authority of Singapore (TAS).  She is responsible for the formulation of the Singapore Government's policies on international telecommunication issues.   She represents Singapore at a number of international organisations, including the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Asia-Pacific Telecommunity (APT), APEC, the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN), Intelsat, Inmarsat and the World Trade Organisation Group on Basic Telecommunications (WTO GBT).

Prior to joining TAS, Valerie worked in private legal practice.  She holds a Bachelor of Laws degree from the National University of Singapore and a Master of Laws degree from University College, University of London.

JOHN DRYDEN     Download Power Point presentation            Download text presentation
Since January 1993, John Dryden has been the Head of the Information, Computer and Communications Policy Division of the OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry.  He joined the Directorate in 1987, and has held a number of other senior positions, including Head of the Science, Technology and Communications Policy Division, Head of the Economic Analysis and Statistics Division, and Head of the Scientific, Technological and Industrial Indicators Division.  Between 1980 and 1987, Mr. Dryden worked in the Economics and Statistics Department of the OECD.  Before joining the OECD, he worked in the Cabinet Office of the U.K. government.  A United Kingdom citizen, Mr. Dryden was educated at Oxford University and the University of Wales.
 

MASAKUNI ESAKI
Masakuni Esaki is the Convenor of Liberalization Steering Group in the APEC Telecommunications Working Group since September 1997 and the Director of International Co-operation Division of International Affairs Department of Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (MPT) of Japan since July 1996.

He used to be a First Secretary of Japanese Embassy in Hungary for three years and then he was a Minister's Secretary, Director of Broadcasting Bureau and Director of Fund Management Division of Postal Savings Bureau in the MPT.

LEITH FELTON-TAYLOR      Download presentation
Leith Felton-Taylor joined the Trade Facilitation Unit of the APEC Branch of the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in April 1997. The main focus of her work has been on getting APEC to take a more comprehensive approach to electronic commerce issues and in services trade facilitation. Prior to this she worked as an analyst in the East Asia Analytical Unit where she was co-author of a major report on the Japanese economy: A New Japan? Change in Asia's Megamarket, published in May 1997.

Before joining the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in 1995, Ms Felton-Taylor worked as an economist for the International Agricultural Trade Section of the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE). She also worked for three years as a Consultant for the Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in Paris. Ms Felton-Taylor began her career with the International Branch of the Department of Primary Industries and Energy (DPIE) where she worked on Australia's participation in OECD meetings and bilateral relations with the former Soviet bloc countries.

Ms Felton-Taylor has Bachelor of Economics and Bachelor of Asian Studies (Japan) degrees from the Australian National University.

The Importance of Electronic Commerce According to APEC Leaders and Ministers
Electronic Commerce is an important global phenomenon with the potential to enrich the region economically and socially.  APEC is in a unique position to make a contribution to the development of global electronic commerce, encompassing as it does a diverse group of developed and developing economies.  APEC provided an effective forum through which its members can cooperate in work aimed at extending the use of electronic commerce.

In Vancouver in November 1997, the importance of electronic commerce for APEC economies was recognised by Leaders and Minister when they called for a work program to be developed on electronic commerce.  This paper outlines the importance of electronic commerce to the region and discusses ways that APEC may meet the request of Leaders and Ministers in a meaningful and timely manner.  The approach proposed is based on the premise that increasing understanding of and confidence in electronic commerce will lead to its greater use in the region; and doing so in the context of a forum such as APEC will lead to a more convergent regulatory and legal approach, both in the region, and between the region and the rest of the world.  In this way the benefits of electronic commerce will be maximised and made available to all APEC economies.

PETER FERGUSON
Peter Ferguson is Deputy Director-General of the Information Policy and Planning Branch, Spectrum, Information Technology and Telecommunications Sector, Industry Canada (IC). He is also a member of IC’s Electronic Commerce Task Force. Mr. Ferguson is responsible for coordinating the development of policy positions on electronic commerce related issues such as privacy and security, access, digital signatures and certification authorities. The policy activity is intended to assist Canada's participation in a variety of international fora including APEC and the upcoming meeting of OECD Ministers responsible for electronic commerce to be hosted by Canada in October 1998.

Until July 1997, Mr. Ferguson was Deputy Director-General of the Secretariat to the Information Highway Advisory Council. He was responsible for coordinating the development of policy advice to the federal government by the Advisory Council over a three year period on a variety of information highway issues. The 29 member Council, appointed by the federal government in 1994, was drawn from the telecommunications and information technology sectors, broadcasting, the arts and cultural industries as well as academia, consumer and community organizations and organized labour. The Council made more than 325 specific recommendations to the government on building the information highway and an information society in Canada. Its second and final report was released in September 1997.

LAINA RAVEENDRAN GREENE             Download presentation
Laina Raveendran Greene, is currently Managing Director of GetIT (Global Empowerment Through Information Technology) Pte Ltd. She is also the Secretary General of the Asia & Pacific Internet Association and the Chairperson of the Asia Pacific Policy and Legal Forum (APPLe). She comes from about 12 years of experience in the telecommunications/Internet industry, specifically in strategic planning, business negotiations and policy making expertise. She has worked with organisations such as ITU, INTELSAT, UNCTAD, Singapore Telecommunications Ltd, etc. She holds a law degree from the National University of Singapore, has done graduate studies in the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva and the Hague Academy of International Law and has a Masters of Law from Harvard University.

MARK HOLMAN
Mark Holman is a Senior Advisor in the Communication Networks group of the New Zealand Ministry of Commerce, responsible for policy advice in postal and telecommunications. He has also represented New Zealand at a number of APEC TEL (including acting as organiser of TEL16) and APT meetings, and at a number of ITU fora. Mark's previous experience includes working as Assistant Secretary to the Cabinet, Private Secretary to the Minister of Health and Executive Director of the NZ Electrical Contractors' Federation.

JIN HO HUR            Download presentation
Jin Ho Hur holds a Ph.D. degree in Computer Science of Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), and B.S. degree of Seoul National University (SNU). Dr. Hur is Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Asia-Pacific Internet Association.

ROBERT SUN-QUAE LAI         Download presentation
Robert Sun-Quae Lai holds an MBA degree in Business Sciences from the Indiana University of  Pennsylvania, in the United States, specializing in management information systems and marketing management.  Prior to his current position as Director General, Department of Commerce, Ministry of Economic Affairs he was Section Chief responsible for office automation and Business Computerization.  His other earlier positions were as Division Chief responsible for marketing channel restructuring and commercial modernization to increase distribution efficiency and as a Part-time lecturer in the Department of Business Administration, National Taiwan Institute of Technology, Chinese Taipei.  Mr. Lai has also been an Instructor in the Department of Industrial Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chinese Taipei.
 
LIANG BAO-JUN
Liang Bao-Jun, is currently  in charge of  International  Cooperation  Program on Education and Training as a principal official at the Dept. of Education of Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications , P.R.China. After graduating from Changchun Institute of Posts and Telecommunications  with a Telecommunications Engineering Major in 1991, he joined MPT and  served as a principal official in charge of Higher Education Management .  As one of the chief members of the Secretariat of ’ 97 APEC TEL HRD International Symposium  held in Beijing, he played an active role in related activities.

HRD as an Impetus for Electronic Commerce Promotion
I.  Challenges of Electronic Commerce to HRD
 The major issues facing EC and HRD will be the lack of technical personnel to support EC. There is an urgent need for a review of training related to EC.
II.  Development of EC in China
 Status and major problems
III.  Electronic Commerce: the New Field of HRD
 Cooperation in the field of HRD to jointly promote the broad applications of EC.
Distance learning based Internet with EC as its content

MICHAEL V. MCCABE
Michael V. McCabe has been the Director of the U.S. Department of State's Communication and Information Policy towards APEC and the OECD since June of 1996. In this position, he leads the U.S. delegations to meetings of APEC's Telecommunications Working Group (TEL) and the OECD's Committee for Information, Computer and Communications Policy (ICCP).

After graduating from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, serving in the U.S. Armed Forces and then in the private sector as an economic analyst, Dr. McCabe joined the Foreign Service of the U.S. Department of State in 1981. During his career, he has served in U.S. Embassies in Manila, London, New Delhi, and Tokyo. He holds the EdD degree from the University of Virginia.

JIM O'CONNOR     Download presentation
Jim O'Connor is Senior Regulatory Advisor with British Telecommunications Asia Pacific.  He is based in Sydney, Australia, and has responsibility for advising BT on telecommunications regulatory matters in the region. Over the last two years, he has been actively involved with the industry self-regulation processes in Australia, particularly those associated with access and infrastructure and codes of practice. Jim has been with BT for 31 years, formerly in engineering before moving to the regulatory department six years ago.

COLIN OLIVER
Colin Oliver is the newly appointed Deputy Convener of the Business Facilitation Steering Group.

He has been active in the development of Australian government policy and legislation for broadcasting, radiocommunications and telecommunications.  He led several Australian delegations to meetings of the International  telecommunication Union and chaired ITU meetings to achieve structural change in that organisation.  Recently, the in the APEC Telecommunications Working Group, he has been active in developing work on Universal Access policy project, the Interactive Medical Curriculum project, and Mutual Recognition Arrangements.

He has a masters degree in history, and enjoys watercolour painting.

STEVE ORLOWSKI     Download presentation
Steve Orlowski is Special Adviser IT Security Policy in the Information and Security Law Division of the Commonwealth Attorney-General's Department.  His duties principally focus on the development and implementation of national and international policies and strategies for the security of information systems.  He has been secretary to a number of government security policy committees.

Mr. Orlowski is involved in a number of OECD activities relating to the Global Information Infrastructure as either an Australian Delegate or Head of the Australian Delegation.  These include the Group of Experts on Information Security and Privacy in the Global Information Infrastructure and the Ad Hoc Group of Experts on Cryptography Policy Guidelines.  He is also leader of the APEC Task Group on Public Key Authentication.

He is a member of several committees of the Standards Association of Australia dealing with IT security, health informatics and electronic commerce issues.

DATO MALAI ALI OTHMAN    Download presentation
Dato Malai Ali OTHMAN is the Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Communications of Brunei Darussalam.

P. J. SAUNDERS
Phil Saunders has more than 30 years experience in the Telecommunications Industry in Canada and Europe, in a variety of engineering and marketing roles.  For the past 7 years he has been responsible for providing strategic business direction for Nortel's role in Standards development and related policies, and regulatory affairs, and is currently Vice President, Commercial Relations, for Nortel in Canada.  He represents Nortel and the Canadian Telecommunications Industry in a variety of Canadian industry associations and international bodies, including the Telecommunications Standards Advisory Council of Canada (TSACC), the Advisory Committee on Standards Development for the Standards Council of Canada (SCC), the Canadian Standards Association (CSA), the CCT - Tri-lateral Standards Harmonization negotiations associated with NAFTA, the OECD High-Level Group of Industrial Experts on IT Standardization, and the Telecom Committee of the Canadian Council for International Business (CCIB).  He has also served on Canadian delegations to CITEL, ETSI, APEC, and ATSS. Mr. Saunders is currently the Executive Vice President of the Radio Advisory Board of Canada.  He holds a B.Sc.(Engineering) degree from Queen's University at Kingston, and a Technology Diploma from Ryerson Polytechnic, Toronto.

DAVID SHANNON         Download presentation
David Shannon is the global coordinator of Baker & McKenzie's Information Technology and Communications (IT/C) project, providing specialist legal services to clients engaged in information technology, telecommunications, entertainment and electronic commerce. Baker & McKenzie's practice in this area includes telecommunications privatizations, international telecom securities offerings, corporate finance,  mergers & acquisitions, tax, licensing, operational and regulatory advice.

Mr. Shannon monitors global legal developments and provides professional and training resources to supplement the local expertise of the 57 Baker & McKenzie offices around the world. He travels extensively within the Asia Pacific region, Europe and North America, and is making extensive use of intranet technology to enhance the professional legal services which his firm offers to IT/C clients.

Mr Shannon's professional background is in intellectual property, trade practices, advertising and marketing, franchising, licensing, computer law, telecommunications regulation and electronic commerce. He holds degrees in Arts and Law from the University of Sydney, and a Masters degree in Business Administration from the University of New South Wales. He has recently relocated to Sydney after a  period of 16 years in Hong Kong.

Legal and Regulatory Obstacles to Electronic Commerce in the Asia Pacific Region - Why Do They Exist and How Can They Be Overcome?
In order to realize the economic benefits of electronic commerce, market participants must have access to telecommunications and information technology, and that access must be made available at an affordable price. Legal and regulatory structures directly affect access and price.

To promote greater use of electronic communications in commerce, it is necessary to provide an environment of familiarity and trust. Governments should be helping to build this by extensive deployment of electronic communications and information technology in their own operations and services. Legal and regulatory obstacles which tie government departments to paper transactions should be removed as soon as possible. Governments should lead the way in demonstrating the efficiencies and economic benefits that can be gained by using this technology.

It is also necessary to provide a more certain legal environment to accommodate electronic contracting, recognition of digital signatures, proof of electronic records in court, and the application of local laws to electronic commerce across state and national borders.

Legal obstacles to electronic commerce are also to be found in laws and regulations governing  particular business sectors, including banking, stockbroking, insurance, trade finance, transportation and retailing.

None of the legal and regulatory obstacles to electronic commerce were created for the express purpose of inhibiting efficiency. Many are simply the unintended legacy of a paper environment, and are easily removed. Others will take longer, because they reflect important policy concerns as to national security, tax revenue, investigation and audit trails, facilitation of proof in court, and consumer protection.

It is important to keep the legal and regulatory obstacles in proper perspective. There is already a great deal of e-com activity occurring, and a vast potential for extending it further, WITHIN the current regulatory environment.

SUPRIYA SINGH         Download presentation
Supriya Singh holds a Ph.D in Sociology and Anthropology from La Trobe University and heads CIRCIT’s research program Understanding the Use of Information and Communication Technologies. This program has focused on studying the use of communication services, electronic money and commerce from the perspectives of  residential consumers and small business.

Her latest book is Marriage Money: The Social Shaping of Money in Marriage and Banking. (Allen and Unwin, 1997).  This follows her previous books on banking history in Malaysia and Australia, Bank Negara Malaysia: The First 25 Years, 1959-1984 (Bank Negara Malaysia: 1984) and The Bankers (Allen and Unwin: 1991) and a study of Simunul Bajaus in Sabah, On the Sulu Sea  (Angsana Publications: 1984).

Dr Singh has presented her research at the Telecommunications Policy Research Conference in Maryland, USA; at Princeton University's Department of Sociology Workshop on Economic Sociology; at the Center for International Affairs, Harvard University; the Pacific Telecommunications Conferences, Hawaii, the 1997 ARIACO conference in Kuala Lumpur and Pacific Telecommunications Council (India) in New Delhi.  Since 1993, Dr Singh has represented consumers on the Australian Payments System Council which advises the Federal Treasurer about developments in the payments system.

Helping Consumers Realize the Potential of the Electronic Commerce Revolution
Electronic commerce is revolutionary for business as it potentially shifts greater power from the business to the consumer.  For residential consumers, the revolution has yet to happen. Though electronic money and payments are now a greater reality for many consumers in Asia-Pacific, most consumers do not trust the Internet for purchase.  Helping to engender greater trust in electronic commerce presents the most important opportunity for APEC, PECC, governments and business in the region.

Trust encompasses issues wider than security and consumer protection. It is useful to distinguish between hard trust and soft trust. Issues of hard trust involve authenticity, encryption, and security in transactions. Issues of soft trust deal more with control, comfort and caring.

Governments and business  have concentrated on issues of hard trust rather than soft trust. This has led to an exploration of technological and regulatory solutions, using the metaphors of engineering and economics. The discussion has revolved around technologies, the value of goods and services, issues of “encryption” “authentication” “applications”, “demand” and “efficiency”.

A complimentary emphasis on soft trust means placing the consumer at the center of policy and business strategy. It focuses on the way consumers use technologies and services to carry out their activities. The questions are about the way consumers mix and match physical and electronic commerce and exploring the reasons why they choose that mix. It means recognising  the interrelationships between the economy, social relations and cultural values. The metaphors revolve around “communication”, “meaning”, “fit”, “appropriateness” and are drawn more from anthropology and sociology.

Government, business and consumer perspectives  are partial. It is essential to recognise this and bridge the three for effective policy and business strategy. Engendering trust requires connecting the different perspectives. This translation is however the most challenging part of policy making.

What can APEC do? We can begin by looking at a few possibilities:

1. APEC could clearly articulate that it will seek to increase the level of consumer trust in electronic commerce;

2. APEC widens the dialogue process seeking consumer input in the formulation of policy on electronic commerce;

3. APEC increases consumers’ comfort by working  with other regional bodies for a clear statement of  customers’ rights, liabilities and redress in a world of borderless commerce;

4. Set up a regional online ombudsman as a visual representation of governments and business caring for customers.
 

PAUL SU                                       Download presentation
Paul Su is currently Senior Business Development Manager, Market Expansion Group, Worldwide Operations at Cisco Systems. He is responsible for managing the new business and market expansion strategy and activities in Asia for Cisco.  Recently, he created a strategic alliance between Cisco and III (Institute for Information Industry) linked with eight key Chinese Taipei CPE (Consumer Premises Equipment) vendors around the Cisco Networked Multimedia Lab, the first one outside of U.S., supported by Cisco IOS technology. He is now spearheading new market development efforts in areas like: E-Commerce, NII/NGI, Electronic Government, Multimedia , xDSL and Cable technology.

Before joining Cisco, Mr. Su spent ten years with Digital Equipment Corp. in various management positions in Engineering, Manufacturing, Quality/Reliability, Customer Support and Consulting Services prior to joining Digital’s Marketing/Sales and Business Development as General Manager, Database Market Development covering Asia Pacific.

Mr. Su was also at National Semiconductors, where he worked in Engineering and Technical Support Management positions.

Mr. Su received his B.S. degree in Engineering from National Taiwan University, an M. S. degree in Engineering from University of Kentucky and an M.S. degree in Computer Science from Villanova University. Sponsored by Digital, he also graduated from the Japan Program, Center for International Study, MIT.

JANET PEARCE-STENZEL             Download presentation
Janet Pearce-Stenzel currently holds the position of Executive Director of the PECC Telecommunications Forum (PTF).  The PTF Secretariat is located at the Center for Telecommunications Management at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.  She is also a Director of the U.S. National Committee of PECC (US-PECC).

Inaugurated by the President of the United States in 1984, The U.S. National Committee is tasked with representation of government, industry and academic interests of the United States in the 22 nation Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC).  A quasi-governmental body founded by the Japanese and Australian Prime-Ministers in 1980, the PECC operates in close conjunction with the region's governments and with a variety of other international bodies. Each of PECC’s 22 national committees work to integrate senior public and private sector representatives from their economies into international work programs in a number of sectoral areas covered by the PECC.

In the context of her position at the PTF, Ms Pearce-Stenzel overseas development of policy dialogues and position papers related to the development of communication networks and trade relations in the Asia-Pacific region.

Prior to this, Ms. Pearce-Stenzel worked as a research fellow at the Economic Strategy Institute in Washington DC where she was responsible for covering matters related to the institutes' 21st Century Infrastructure Projects. She also worked as a research analyst at the Washington division of an international research consortium where she focused on rural infrastructure development efforts in Asia. This work was complemented by consultancy work with other institutions -- including the FAO, UNDP, the East-West Center and UC-Berkley. She has also spent time covering the US Securities and Exchange Commission for an independent Wire Service and reported on EC and NATO activities for Newsweek while living in Brussels.

A Washington DC native, Ms. Pearce-Stenzel has B.A. from Washington University in Economics and International Development and a MSc. from a joint program between the London School of Economics and the School of Oriental and African Studies in London.

SUN BENJI
Sun Benji is now Director of Division of International Telecommunications Organizations, Department of External Affairs, Ministry Posts and Telecommunications (MPT), China.  Mr. Sun graduated with a B.A. in 1970.   Shortly after his graduation, he began his career in international telecommunications at MPT.  Before his current post, he had served as Director of International Economic and Technical Cooperation Division, and Director of Public Relations.

Mr. Sun has participated or chaired various meetings and seminars held between MPT of China and ITU, APT, INTELSAT and APEC.

YASUHITO TAMADA         Download presentation
Yasuhito Tamada has been the Deputy Director of Computer Communications Division, Telecommunications Business Department, Telecommunications Bureau, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (MPT) of Japan since July 1997.

He joined the MPT in 1990 as a member of the Radio Department of the Telecommunications Bureau.  In the current division, he is in charge of policies in promoting electronic commerce as well as Internet related policies.

The Roles of Governments in the Promotion and Application of Electronic Commerce
Electronic commerce will only really come into its own through provisioning info-communications infrastructure and ensuring access to it.

In order to facilitate provisioning info-communications infrastructure and ensuring access to it, governments should play such roles as stimulating competition, encouraging private-sector investment to promote the advancement of info-communications infrastructure, ensuring the security and reliability of info-communications infrastructure, and promoting equal opportunities for access.

Concrete measures to achieve the above roles in Japan include the implementation of INGECEP project, the research and development of the Next Generation Internet, and the building of electronic authentication system on the network etc.

Electronic commerce has three categories of issues; technological issues, institutional issues, and operational issues of actual EC business.  Effective promotion of EC is not possible until these issues are examined comprehensively at such forum as APEC TEL.

Specific projects such as INGECEP and the CA survey are conducted to find out technological and operational issues through them. 
 

YUICHI TOSAKI
Yuichi Tosaki has been the executive director of the Foundation for MultiMedia Communications (FMMC) since 1994 after a 32 year career with Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT).

Prior to joining FMMC, Mr. Tosaki was Chancellor of the NTT Central Institute (NTT Central University) between 1991 and 1994. He had spent six years (1985 - 1991) in London as President of NTT Europe Ltd.

He is also serving Executive Director of Japan Electronic Messaging Association (JEMA), Executive Director of Cyber Business Association (CBA) and Vice Chairman of Asia Oceania Electronic Messaging Association (AOEMA)

The Role of Technological Development Cooperation for Electronic Commerce Promotion: Current Activities of Cyber Business Association in Japan
Internet usage has expanded at a rapid pace over the past few years. Conducting business over networks, “cyber business”, is fast becoming a reality.

The Cyber Business can only be achieved through the cooperation of a wide range of parties including telecommunications operators, manufacturers, distributors, and financial institutions and credit card companies.  In addition, various technical and system-related aspects must be investigated to ensure the development of cyber business, such as the use of technology to guarantee the security of information telecommunications, the establishment of certification authorities, and the formulation of new regulations and operation rules to govern transactions between parties.

The Cyber Business Association in Japan has been developing and implementing three electronic commerce experiments in order to promote the early realization of cyber business.  Moreover, our association has contributed greatly to the discussions on the critical issues in this field including the protection of personal information and content.

In this talk, three electronic commerce experiments will be demonstrated and there will be a proposal for the further discussions on these matters.

1. Electronic Money Experiment in order to promote content business

2. International Interconnection Experiment in order to cooperate APEC projects

3. Electronic Commerce Experiment in developing secure credit card settlement systems
 

IRENE WU
Irene Wu is the Regional Specialist for Asia at the Federal Communications Commission. A graduate of Harvard University and Johns Hopkins University, she has previously worked for the US-ASEAN Council, U.S. Congressman Jim Cooper of Tennessee, and the Far Eastern Economic Review.