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Forensic Emergency Medicine is an expanding field of international importance. EP's, "Police Surgeons" and others are frequently involved in legal proceedings. Correctional Medicine, care of patents in custody and collection of evidence (rape, child abuse, DV) are common in Emergency Departments world wide.

Emergency Physicians interact with law enforcement with greater frequency than other physicians, and need expertise with legal issues. Sharing information internationally allows more rapid increases in forensic sophistication.

The DEM has been involved in Forensic EM for over 30 years. The jail ward and it's Emergency Department have been run by the DEM providing fertile ground for the study of Forensic Emergency Medicine.
Marie Russell M.D.
Dual Boarded EM and Pathology

Margaret McCannan M.D.
Dual Boarded in IM and Toxicology

Thomas Noguchi M.D., JD.
Pathology and Law

Gerald Vale DDM, JD
Forensic Dentistry and Law

The international group from the IAFS/WPMO meetings in Japan in 1997. The meetings were coordinated to allow maximum participation and were in Kumamoto and Tokyo.
Drs. Mallon and Russell have used the patient population on the jail ward and local environs at LAC+USC Medical Center to study nonverbal communication by Los Angeles Gangs.

Nonverbal communication methods used by gangs include:

Graffiti
Tattoos
Hand Signs
Dress ("Colors")
Dr. Mallon examining local graffiti near LAC+USC Medical Center.
These nonverbal clues help Emergency Physicians to identify gang members, pinpoint specific disease risks, and to better understand the East Los Angeles patient population. Tattoos may be of forensic relevance for identification as well.

Interestingly, Dr. Mallon and Russell have found a strong link between graffiti and tattoos, with each providing insight to the other.


LAC+USC Medical Center Department of Emergency of Medicine Room L 1011
1200 N. State St.
Los Angeles, CA 90033


Marie Russell M.D.
Assistant Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine
Department of Pathology
LAC+USC Medical Center


William K. Mallon M.D.
Associate Professor and
Residency Director
Department of Emergency Medicine
LAC+USC Medical Center

Pneumatic Cupping, common in Los Angeles produces skin lesions which can be mistaken for evidence of abuse. Coining and Moxibustion are two other alternative medical practices that also produce lesions mistaken for physical abuse.
Tattoos like this one are not uncommonly found on our patients at LAC+USC Medical Center
Police Weapons injuries we commonly see are often from Flexible Batons, Tasers, and Pepper Spray.

The International Emergency Medicine Website was designed by MGB Design, with medical oversight provided by Richard J. Hoffner M.D.
All images on this site are copyrighted and the exclusive property of LAC+USC Medical Center and it's affiliated physicians.

This page was last updated on: Tuesday, August 15, 2000