University of Southern California

"Hot Topic" Luncheon Roundtables

  1. What Do You Think Sprawl Is?
    • No new resolutions achieved!

  2. Where and Why is Sprawl a Problem in California?
    • Marin: no sprawl problem but problems with traffic and affordable housing.
    • San Diego: sprawl problem in county, not in city; traffic and housing affordability pose problems.
    • Riverside County: lack of community core.
    • Orange County: no sprawl problem; traffic problem due to Riverside residents.
    • LA: no sprawl, but dispersed trip destinations.
    • Contra Costa: growth as destiny.
    • Sonoma: bad planning in rural residential areas.

  3. Sprawl Hits the Wall: Responses to the Report and the Challenge of Engagement
    • Educate community to provide political power
    • Challenge: Leaders might have their own agenda
    • There are three very different perspectives:
      • Rural
      • Suburban
      • Urban
    • Convene multidisciplinary approach
      • Regional
      • Social service/public safety
      • Ensure success by identifying "real" leaders
    • How do you "shave the Wealth"?

  4. Public Engagement and Growth: Visioning the Future with the Public
    • Engagement is about:
      • People - involving them
      • Process - let voices be heard
      • Turf - establish issues of interest and create comfort zones to foster dialogue
    • Public engagement can:
      • Be a vehicle for overcoming the traditional disconnect between the public and its government
      • Lead to awareness of the interdependence of communities across boundaries
      • Remind the everyday person that change is inevitable and can help to make it a conscious process

  5. Toward a Green Metropolis: Utopian Vision or Necessary Reality?
    • Current open space criteria are not suitable for the existing urban fabric.
    • Consider green building coordinated with green infrastructure.
    • Comprehensively plan for parks, open space, and green infrastructure.
    • Develop an expanded, perhaps locally varied definition of green space/open space.
    • Rework local site plans to make more green.
    • Need to involve communities more in public facilities planning.
    • Consider economic values of green space (trees reduce stormwater pollution, etc.).
    • Incorporate multi-pronged approach to address local and regional green space desires.
    • Redevelop (sub)urban grayfields to provide more open space.

  6. Smart Growth and Sprawl
    • Government is an important element of planning and development
    • Equity remains a shadowy part of smart growth, particularly regarding implementation: How to articulate and pursue growth and planning that increases opportunities to low income households?
    • Engagement with stakeholders is a major element of "smart growth": it provides a mechanism for negotiating planning and plans in a more transparent setting - but it should be an early part of the process.
    • Good Planning should be better marketed with regard to its personal benefits

  7. Transportation and Sprawl
    • Need for multimodal, intelligent, guideway system
    • Guideway provides power
    • Transition from today to tomorrow by carrying vehicles on pal lots temporarily
    • High speed rail and faster travel times will enlarge regions.

  8. Health and Sprawl: What is the Connection?
    • We encourage better communication and cooperation between planners and public health officials and policy makers to develop healthier communities.
    • There is a need to more fully understand the relationship between health and built environment/ development patterns.
    • Encourage data collection that is more detailed and descriptive.
    • Longer time commutes are not necessarily a bad thing. Mode matters.

  9. Which Non-Sprawl Pattern Most Helps the Poor?
    • Not enough low-income housing stock in L.A. At USC a student housing developer is pushing out low-rent residents to build luxury student housing. Is this good for the poor?
    • Work to remedy environmental justice issues, which have to do with sprawl and land use, would improve the situation of the poor.
    • Economic revitalization of downtown areas has caused people to move back. This can regentrify and push poor people out to the suburbs.
    • Mixed-use development increases access to employment.
    • Higher-density housing with open space addresses need for green space, freedom from pollution.
    • Gentrification can result in mixed-income, mixed-use, transit-oriented development.

  10. Housing Affordability Issues
    • Creative solutions are needed to serve the needs of the coming 15 million people who will require affordable housing.
    • Do you need to have sprawl to have affordable housing? Not necessarily, but alternatives can be difficult to implement.
    • We have finite land supply, high housing demand. To keep housing affordable, we need to increase housing supply, not necessarily on the fringes.
    • Alternatives to sprawl:
    • Infill development is stalled in upper- and middle-class neighborhoods due to NIMBYism, financial feasibility; in lower-income neighborhoods thwarted by low levels of infrastructure and increased burden on overburdened areas.
    • Mixed-used development is difficult to achieve due to zoning restrictions and the higher financial risks.

  11. Regionalism from a Northeast Perspective
    • How do you begin to promote regionalism?
    • Regionalism is a civic responsibility
    • Inform how regionalism can be beneficial to relevant actors (e.g. business leaders, community members, local officials.)
    • How is a regionalism different in northeast than in west?
    • The focus of regionalism in northeast has been on public transportation due to the history of development and infrastructure. The west has had a different history and development pattern.

  12. How Density Can be Sold to the Neighbors
    • Consider why people zealously guard their property against future development (restrict change once moved in).
    • Salesmanship for new projects is key: let neighbors know ASAP about new development plans.
    • Organize community workshops on neighbor's turf. Show how higher densities can be more attractive than lower-density projects.
    • Demonstrate that higher density, state-of-the-art projects can actually increase property values.
    • Empty-nesters who want to stay in the neighborhood may see benefit of moving to newer, higher-density housing with less upkeep.
    • Start early with education process for the neighborhood. Don't wait until the public hearing stage.
    • Rent driveway from property owner. Hire caterer, invite neighbors, show plans/renderings early on in process.
    • Address traffic and crime issues.
    • Underlying societal education is needed to allow communities to provide for necessary expansion.
    • Customize solutions for specific areas (duplexes may be acceptable where higher densities are not).
    • Work closely with planning staffs. They tend to be conservative. Provide them with options.
    • Work with environmental groups to demonstrate that higher densities allow more raw land and open space to be conserved.
    • Explain what is meant by "higher density." It doesn't necessarily mean high-rise development.
    • Check HCD website for ideas.
    • Use visuals and good designs as key selling points.

  13. How Sprawl Can be Addressed in the General Plan in California
    • No new resolutions achieved!

  14. Using Census 2000 to Monitor Growth and Sprawl
    • Census 2000 is focused on residential population. Hence data and density do not fully reflect sprawl - miss commercial and industrial land uses.
    • Census 2000 sample data are due out in late Spring (for places and counties) and August 2002 (for block groups), allowing more detailed analysis of 1990 to 2000 growth.

  15. Fiscal Reform and Sprawl: What is Needed?
    • Predictable, stable revenue for local jurisdictions.
    • Fair system for allocating infrastructure costs.
    • Consider redistribution of sales tax on a per capita or population basis (and protect the "losers"), or on a per job basis.
    • Link regional housing needs and fiscal reform
    • Revenue targeted back into urban areas to improve quality of life (parks, amenities, schools).
    • Private forms of redevelopment to allow private property owners to group together with their own project.
    • Federal income tax-policy changes to encourage rental housing; tort reform of Calderon Act (construction defect legislation).
    • Legislature needs to establish high priority for systematic fiscal reforms.
    • Better and more orderly distribution of fiscal data.